Sodium carbonate and bicarbonate production

To produce sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogencarbonate (bicarbonate).

Preparazione e analisi dei gas

sodium carbonate; bicarbonate; industrial chemistry

Cosa imparano gli studenti

La scienza alla base di questo esperimento

Sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogencarbonate, or bicarbonate, are important compounds which were among the first to be produced industrially. Sodium bicarbonate can be used to neutralise acid solutions, in cooking, or as an antacid medicine.

Sodium bicarbonate can be conveniently produced by reacting sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide: NaOH + CO2 → NaHCO3.

Sodium bicarbonate decomposes by heat into sodium carbonate, water and carbon dioxide: 2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2.

Attrezzatura utilizzata

Iron stand — 5404.52
Universal clamp — 5416.20
Right angle clamp — 5401.16
Conical flask 150 ml — 1322.10
Rubber stopper, 2 holes — 5450.80
Dropping funnel — 1359.00
Right angle bent glass delivery tube — 1468.07
Connection for glass delivery tubes — 5449.43
Glass delivery tube — 1468.02
Beaker 100 ml — 1118.20
Beaker 250 ml — 1118.35
Spatola — 5460.34
Spirit burner — 5415.10
Provette — 1473,60
Portaprovette — 5423.30
Parafilm — 1646.00

Sostanze chimiche e reagenti

Calcium carbonate
Hydrochloric acid — R:34-37 S:26-45
Sodium hydroxide — R:35 S:26-37/39-45
Acqua distillata

Note sulla sicurezza

Prestare attenzione durante l'uso del bruciatore e degli oggetti in vetro caldi.

Domande per gli studenti

What does the precipitate consist of?
Are the two deposits different?

Cosa aspettarsi

<p>The solid left in the beaker after the liquid evaporated is still sodium hydrogencarbonate (bicarbonate). The residue in the heated tube is sodium carbonate, formed according to the second reaction above.</p>

Smaltimento

Dispose of the liquid into the acids and bases waste container. Dispose of the salts into the solid waste container.

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