Water of crystallization
To show the presence of water in a coordination complex, not as an impurity but as part of the structure of the crystals.
Cosa imparano gli studenti
La scienza alla base di questo esperimento
Copper ions coordinate easily with water molecules to form coloured crystals or solutions. There is a marked difference in colour between anhydrous copper sulphate and the hydrate. This experiment shows the presence of water in the coordination complex.
Heating hydrated copper sulphate, CuSO4•5H2O, drives off the water coordinated with the copper ions.
Attrezzatura utilizzata
- Provette — 1473,60
- Portaprovette — 1680.06
- Portaprovette — 5423.30
- Spatola — 5460.34
- Bruciatore ad alcool — 5514.10
Sostanze chimiche e reagenti
- Solfato di rame — R:22-35/38-50/53 S:22-60-61
Note sulla sicurezza
- Take care when working with the burner and hot glassware.
Domande per gli studenti
- Record your observations.
Cosa aspettarsi
<p>Some water vapour condenses on the upper part of the test tube, confirming the presence of water in the compound. The blue copper sulphate becomes dirty white in colour, showing that the water is not an impurity in the crystals but that a change in the chemical composition of the substance has occurred.</p><p>On adding a few drops of distilled water, the anhydrous copper sulphate becomes blue again showing that the hydrate has reformed.</p>
Smaltimento
Dissolve the copper sulphate in water and dispose into the liquid wastes container.
Prova a fare questo esperimento in classe
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